Abstract

EVALUATION OF BOVINE COLOSTRUM FOR ULCERPROTECTIVE EFFECT IN RAT MODEL OF CHEMICAL AND STRESS INDUCED PEPTIC ULCER

Nikesh Kumar Sahani*, Dr. A. K. Singhai and Dr. Pradeep Mohanty

Abstract

Peptic ulcer is one of the major gastrointestinal disorders affecting humans. Ulcers are caused due to imbalance between aggressive (pepsin acid) and defensive factors (bicarbonate, PGs) of the gastric mucosa. The present study explored the effect of colostrum in CUS and methylene blue induced peptic ulcer. Methylene Blue is used as a pharmacological tool for the induction of peptic ulcer in-vivo. Methylene Blue activates the Hydrogen potassium ATPase to increase gastric acid secretion and reduces blood supply to gastric mucosa, producing oxidative stress that ultimately results in ulceration of gastric mucosa. The study revealed that colostrum increased gastric healing in both CUS and methylene induced peptic ulcer and the rate of healing is nearly comparable to the standard drug sucralfate. Physiological parameters including pH acidity and volume of gastric content is reported to be altered in peptic ulcer. Stress is reported to increase gastric secretion via vagus nerve stimulation. Acetylcholine binds to muscarinic receptors in the gastric lumen and increases release of H+ in gastric acid secretion. The decrease in pH in gastric juice pH is generally attributed to increased H+ and decreased HCO- in both CUS and Methylene blue treated rats. Moreover Methylene blue has additional cholinesterase inhibition property which may account for decreased pH. Oral administration of colostrum at the dose of 250mg/kg was able to bring down the pH to normal. Histopathological study confirms the morphological alterations in stomach tissues in the different groups of animal studied. Histology of normal control rats showed normal microscopic architecture with normal glands, without any signs of abnormalities. The parietal cells located in the upper half of gastric glands with eccentric nuclei and pale eosinophilic vacuoles in the cytoplasm. On the other hand, the CUS and methylene blue treated rats revealed a severe inflammatory reaction, manifested by sub mucosal edema with local mononuclear leucocytic infiltration (mainly lymphocytes and few eosinophils) in the lamina propria, muscularis mucosa, and sub mucosal layers of the stomach tissue. Colostrum and sucralfate normalize the morphology to normal to some extent. Result was then confirmed by SEM microscopy.

Keywords: Colostrum, Peptic ulcer, Methylene Blue, sucralfate, stress induced peptic ulcer.