Abstract

ALCOHOL INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS AND HEPATOTOXICITY- A REVIEW

Renu Malik*, Dr. K. G. Singhal and Ritu

ABSTRACT

This article is based on the various advances in mechanism of hepatotoxicity by alcohol. Liver is mostly target for various drugs, xenobiotics because of its unique metabolism. Alcohol metabolism in liver generates the various reactive oxygen species (ROS). These radicals lead to cell apoptosis by enhancing the production of kupffer cells and neutrofill infiltration. Kupffer cells trigger the release of cytokines, reactive oxygen species and chemokines, TNF-α. Alcohol depletes fatty acid oxidation and induces lipogenesis. This article also summarizes the molecular level of liver damage including PPAR, Adiponectin, SIRT1, SERBPs. Liver have wide range of metabolic enzymes which is use to metabolize alcohol specially CYT P450. CYP2E1 mediates ethanol oxidation reaction by two different kind of oxidation, which is elaborated here.

Keywords: Alcohol, Oxidative stress, Hepatosis, Cirrhosis, CYT P450, Adeponectin.