Abstract

PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES, PROFILE OF MORINDA CITRIFOLIA: A REVIEW

Moazzam Ali*, Prabhat Singh, Lubhan Singh and Sokindra Kumar

ABSTRACT

Morinda citrifolia, known as Noni or Indian mulberry have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment various diseases. Noni is an evergreen shrub whose ripe fruit and leave has a strong unpleasant butyric acid odor & flavor and astringent taste. The crude extracts of M. citrifolia (Rubiaceae) obtained from the leaves and fruit under different solvents such as methanol, ethanol and aqueous, which that are subjected to phytochemical study. The phytochemical studies of M. citrifolia naturalize broad spectrum of secondary metabolites. Saponins, alkaloids, and reducing sugar are predominantly obtain in all these types of tested extract followed by phenol, steroid, terpenoids, tannin, It also cantains cardiac glycoside, flavanoids and carbohydrate are obtain in all the tested solvents and aqueous extract of the fruit. Protein is present in aqueous and ethanolic extract but it is not found in methanolic extract. The compound such as phylobatannin, and resin are not found in M. citrifolia fruit extract. It has been posses various therapeutic report to have a broad range of therapeutic effects, including immunostimulatory, antibacterial and antiseptic, antiviral, antifungal, antitumor, neuroprotective, antiallergic, antihelmin, analgesic, anti-obesity, antioxidant, hypotensive, anti-inflammatory, and immune enhancing effects. The goal of this review is to provide updated information of the phytochemical constituents, biological activity and safety found in Morinda citrifolia and to provide perspective for its extensive utilization as a major Noni dietary supplement.

Keywords: Dietary supplement, Chemical structures, Biological activity, Phytochemicals.