Abstract

LIPID-BASED NANOPARTICLES IN THE CLINIC AND CLINICAL TRIALS

Priya Roy*, Dr. Arun Patel, Shailendra Patel

Abstract

Lipid-based nanoparticles (LBNs) represent one of the most clinically successful nanotechnology-driven drug delivery platforms, bridging the gap between experimental nanomedicine and real-world therapeutic application. Owing to their excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and structural similarity to biological membranes, lipid-based nanocarriers have demonstrated remarkable translational potential. These systems are capable of encapsulating small molecules, peptides, proteins, and nucleic acids, while improving pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and therapeutic index. This review provides a comprehensive overview of lipid-based nanoparticles with a special emphasis on their clinical relevance and progression through clinical trials. Different classes of LBNs, including liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), and nanoemulsions are discussed in detail. Clinically approved formulations, ongoing clinical trials in oncology, infectious diseases, neurological disorders, and genetic therapies are summarized. Key formulation components, mechanisms of action, advantages, limitations, regulatory considerations, and recent technological advancements are elaborated. Despite challenges such as large-scale manufacturing, long-term stability, and regulatory complexity, lipid-based nanoparticles continue to dominate the nanomedicine landscape, offering promising solutions for personalized and precision medicine.

Keywords: Lipid-based nanoparticles, Liposomes, Solid lipid nanoparticles, Nanostructured lipid carriers, Clinical trials, Nanomedicine, Gene delivery.