Abstract

PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND PRO-FERTILITY EVALUATION OF DRACAENA ARBOREA (WILLD) LINN

*Mrs. M. Anitha S. Bhuvanesh B. Kaviya Priya, C. Roopika A. Thushyanth Kumar

Abstract

Dracaena arborea (Willd.) Linn., a medicinal plant widely used in traditional African medicine, has gained scientific attention for its potential role in improving male reproductive health. The present study aims to evaluate the pharmacognostic characteristics and pro-fertility activity of Dracaena arborea through phytochemical, pharmacological, and experimental investigations. The plant was subjected to detailed botanical identification, phytochemical screening, and pharmacological evaluation using aqueous and ethanolic extracts. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, phytates, cyanogenic compounds, and calcium oxalate crystals, which are known to possess significant biological activities. Experimental studies in animal models demonstrated that the extracts significantly improved sperm count, motility, viability, and morphology, while maintaining testicular architecture and germ cell integrity. The plant also exhibited strong antioxidant activity by increasing endogenous antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and reduced glutathione, along with reducing lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, D. arborea enhanced serum testosterone levels and modulated neuroendocrine pathways involved in reproductive function. These findings scientifically support the traditional use of Dracaena arborea as an aphrodisiac and fertility-enhancing agent, suggesting its potential as a natural therapeutic option for male infertility.

Keywords: Dracaena arborea; Pharmacognostic evaluation; Pro-fertility activity; Male infertility; Antioxidant activity; Phytochemicals; Aphrodisiac; Spermatogenesis.