Abstract

INTERPROXIMAL REDUCTION IN ORTHODONTIC PRACTICE: INDICATIONS, TECHNIQUES, OUTCOMES, AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS- A NARRATIVE REVIEW

*Dr. Ratna Rachel Ponraj, Dr. Carol Winnie Lobo, Dr. Chandra Surrian Sinnathaanby

Abstract

Background: Interproximal reduction (IPR) is a widely used orthodontic procedure aimed at gaining space by selective removal of proximal enamel. Although routinely performed in fixed and clear aligner therapy, concerns remain regarding its biological and clinical effects. Aim: To review the indications, techniques, biological considerations, clinical outcomes, and future directions of interproximal reduction in orthodontics. Methods: A narrative review of available literature including clinical trials, systematic reviews, and in‑vitro studies related to orthodontic IPR was undertaken. Results: Evidence supports IPR as an effective and conservative alternative to extractions in mild to moderate crowding and tooth size discrepancy cases. Proper technique, polishing, and fluoride application minimize adverse effects on enamel and periodontal tissues. Conclusion: When judiciously planned and carefully executed, IPR is a safe and effective adjunct in contemporary orthodontic practice. Further long‑term clinical studies are required to establish standardized protocols.

Keywords: Interproximal reduction, Enamel stripping, Orthodontics, Clear aligners, Space management.