Abstract

GREEN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY IN PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS: A SUSTAINABL APPROACH FOR QUALITY CONTROL (A REVIEW)’

Pratiksha Sonwalkar*, Sandeep Walsangikae

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Abstract

Green Analytical Chemistry (GAC) has emerged as a modern strategy to reduce the environmental footprint of pharmaceutical analytical procedures while maintaining analytical quality and regulatory compliance. Conventional pharmaceutical analysis relies heavily on toxic organic solvents, hazardous reagents, energy-intensive instrumentation, and generates considerable laboratory waste. Increasing awareness of sustainable development has encouraged the adoption of environmentally friendly analytical methodologies that minimize solvent consumption, reduce hazardous waste, improve analyst safety, and lower operational costs. Green Analytical Chemistry integrates the principles of green chemistry into analytical science through the use of safer solvents, miniaturized sample preparation techniques, energyefficient instruments, and sustainable analytical practices. Recent advances in chromatographic techniques, including Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC), High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC), Capillary Electrophoresis (CE), and spectroscopic methods have significantly enhanced the sustainability of pharmaceutical quality control. Furthermore, several greenness assessment tools, including the National Environmental Methods Index (NEMI), Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI), Analytical Eco-Scale, Analytical GREEnness (AGREE), AGREEprep, Analytical Method Greenness Score (AMGS), and White Analytical Chemistry (WAC), have been developed to evaluate the environmental performance of analytical procedures systematically. This review discusses the fundamental concepts of Green Analytical Chemistry, the twelve principles governing sustainable analytical practices, green sample preparation methods, eco-friendly solvents, recent advances in analytical instrumentation, applications in pharmaceutical quality control, and current greenness assessment tools. The review also highlights regulatory perspectives, existing challenges, and future opportunities for implementing sustainable analytical methodologies in pharmaceutical industries. Adoption of Green Analytical Chemistry not only contributes to environmental protection but also improves laboratory safety, analytical efficiency, and economic sustainability.

Keywords: Green Analytical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Sustainable Analytical Methods, UHPLC, Green Solvents, GAPI, AGREE, Eco-Scale, Pharmaceutical Quality Control.