Abstract

ANCIENT AYURVEDIC PRINCIPLES AND MODERN SURGICAL PRACTICES: A CORRELATIVE REVIEW ON THE MANAGEMENT OF GALASHUNDIKA (ELONGATED UVULA)

Dr. Akanksha Sharma*, Prof. Dr. Vijayant Bhardwaj, Dr. Naveen Shandil

Abstract

Background: In Sushruta Samhita, Galashundika is described in Nidana Sthana[1] and its surgical treatment outlined in Chikitsa Sthana.[2] The procedure involves traction, use of a Mandalagra instrument, and removal of only the lower onethird of the elongated tissue. Aṣhṭanga Sangraha[3] and Yogratnakara[4] provide complementary accounts of the disease, operative precautions, and aftercare. Objective: To present the classical pathology and surgical management of Galashundika, highlight Sushruta’s precise recommendation for partial excision, and examine its meaningful points of convergence with modern uvular surgery. Methods: A narrative review was conducted using primary Ayurvedic texts Sushruta Samhita (Nidana Sthana[1] and Chikitsa Sthana)[2], Aṣhṭanga Sangraha (Uttara Sthana)[3] and Yogaratnakara (Talu roga adhyaya).[4] Contemporary clinical literature and professional guidelines on uvular disorders and surgical interventions were also examined. Findings were synthesized qualitatively. Results: Classical sources describe Galashundika as a soft, elongated swelling at the palate root, linked to Kapha-Rakta and associated with symptoms such as thirst, cough and breathlessness. Sushruta prescribes drawing out the swelling and excising only its lower one-third, preserving the upper portion. Aṣhṭanga Sangraha specifies the use of Muchundi Yantra (forceps) and cautions against both insufficient and excessive excision. Yogaratnakara adds adjunctive therapies including topical applications, gargling, dietary measures and fumigation. Conclusion: Sushruta’s directive to excise only one-third of the elongated uvula, along with the warnings against excessive excision and hemorrhage, demonstrates a clear principle of controlled, tissue-conscious surgery. This approach resonates strongly with modern surgical efforts to tailor resections while safeguarding function, making Galashundika a valuable subject in both historical and contemporary surgical discourse.

Keywords: Galashundika, Uvula, Uvulectomy, Talu roga, Shalakya tantra, Ayurveda, Otorhinolaryngology, Surgery.