Abstract

SCREENING FOR GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS IN SRM MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL AND RESEARCH CENTER

Anjalakshi Chandrasekar, Karthiga Prabhu, Tarun Joseph

Abstract

Background: Women diagnosed to have Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk of future type II diabetes as are their children. Timely action taken in screening all pregnant women for glucose intolerance, achieving euglycemia in them and ensuring adequate nutrition may prevent the vicious cycle of transmitting glucose intolerance from one generation to another. Materials and methods: According to DIPSI guidelines, all pregnant woman were screened for GDM by giving 75 g oral glucose load, irrespective of whether she is in the fasting or nonfasting state disregarding the time of her last meal. Gestational diabetes (GDM) was diagnosed if 2-hour PG is ≥ 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L). All pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), in the first trimester were tested again around 24th–28th wk and 32nd–34th wk. Results :Among the 99 screened women , 18 (18.18%) were detected to have GDM, 5 (5.05%) had IGT and remaining had normal glucose challenge test. Family history of diabetes was present in 88.8% of GDM patients. On repeated screening 5 patients were diagnosed to have GDM in II trimester (27.7%) and 6 in III trimester (33.3%). Previous awareness of GDM prior to diagnosis was present only in 5 GDM patients (27.75). Conclusions : Universal screening with 75g OGCT should be done for all antenatal women and repeated screening should be done even if the initial OGCT is normal. All GDM patients and their off springs should be followed up with lifestyle modifications for prevention, postponement and early detection of Diabetes.

Keywords: GDM , universal Screening, Diabetes prevention , DIPSI.