Abstract

CARBON SEQUESTRATION: A SOLUTION TO GLOBAL PROBLEM

Arushi Saxena and Pammi Gauba*

Abstract

Over the last 30 years there is a drastic increase of CO2 emission due to the combustion of fossil fuel and it is causing a major change in the environment such as global warming. It is assumed that this major change is accountable for the rise in global temperature resulting in glacial melting, rise in sea levels and ocean acidification. The various different energy sources are not sufficient to meet the values of the emission reduction and the climate change demands the emission reduction, the CCS technology can be used as a tool which can help in somehow decreasing the CO2 emission. In this technology, waste carbon dioxide is captured from large point sources such as fossil fuel stations, preventing it’s release into the atmosphere. Basically, it involves three main stages in the CCS chain: Carbon reduction technologies, transport and storage. Primarily there are three classes of target reservoirs which are capable of sequestering large volumes of CO2: Saline formations, Depleted oil and gas fields and Deep coal seams. IPCC has given the approval to the technology and also it provides a way as a mitigation option for developing countries like India and has already been mitigated as an option for developed countries like America. Currently India has targeted 20% reduction in CO2 emissions by 2020. Progress of sequestration technology would surely assure ample, low-cost energy for the century, giving better alternatives. The aim is to study the processes involved in sequestering the carbon deeply and also to explore various carbon mitigation, sequestration technologies and potential in Indian context.

Keywords: Acidification, Carbon Sequestration, IPCC, mitigation, Saline formations.