Abstract

VIRULENCE FACTORS AND ANTIBIOTICS RESISTANCE MECHANISMS IN MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS

Alaa S. Hamzah* and Riad A. Dellol

Abstract

Mycobacterium tuberculosis caused tuberculosis disease that become more distribution comparison with HIV infection in WHO statistics. This bacterium has different virulence factors like secreted proteins factors, cell surface components proteins that synthesis of cell wall, enzymes involved in metabolism, transcriptional regulators factor that regulate virulence gene expression. Ability of this bacterium to the resistance drugs that used in treatment due to found genetic mutations in genes that responsible of resistance. These genes of resistance are: katG, inhA for Isoniazid resistance, rpoB for Rifampicin, pncA, rpsA for Pyrazinamide, embB for Ethambutol, rpsL, rrs, gidB for Streptomycin, gyrA, gyrB for Quinolones, tlyA for Capreomycin, ethA for Ethionamide and thyA, folC for Para-aminosalicylic acid.

Keywords: Virulence factors, Antibiotics, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mechanisms Resistance.