Abstract

PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY OF OCIMUM BASILICUM L. LEAVES, PARKIA BIGLOBOSA (JACQ.) R. BR EX G. DON PODS, POWDERS ORGANIC EXTRACTS AGAINST BEMISIA TABACI BIOTYPE B (GENNADIUS) (HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE) OF TOMATO (LYCOPERSICUM ESCULE

Ouedraogo Bouraïma, Kambou Georges*, Yaro Boubacar and Nacro H. Bismarck

Abstract

A study of six natural substances organic extracts (Cleome viscosa L., Mytragina inermis (Wild) kuntze, Ocimum basilicum L., Cassia nigricans Vahl., Cassia occidentalis L. and Parkia biglobosa Jacq.) biological efficiency on white flies which cause big damages to tomato has been done in laboratory conditions. The extraction of the substances has been done with three solvents of increasing polarity (n-Hexane, ethyl- acetate, methanol) by Nair method. The experimental design was a randomized Fisher Block of 19 treatments in 5 replications. Phytochemical analysis of the active fractions of O. basilicum and P. biglobosa have been done by the Ciulei method. The best yield of apolar extracts was obtained with C. occidentalis (2.60%). The yield of medium polar extracts was obtained with M. inermis (2.10%). The best yield of polar extracts was obtained with P. biglobosa (44.09%). The highest mortalities after 24 hours’observations have been obtained with methanol extract of O. basilicum (38.30%), ethyl – acetate extract of C. nigricans (37%) and with hexane extract of P. biglobosa (36.58%). After 72 hours’observations, the highest mortalities (87.42%) were observed at ethyl – acetate extracts of O. basilicum, C. nigricans, hexane extracts of C. nigricans, C. occidentalis. It was 86.32% at methanol extract of O. basilicum. Phytochemical analysis revealed more chemical groups in the methanol extract of O. basilicum than the one of P. biglobosa hexane extract. This explains the best insecticidal activity of the methanol extract of O. basilicum in comparison to the hexane extract of P. biglobosa against B. tabaci of tomato.

Keywords: Bemisia tabaci, Ocimum basilicum, Parkia biglobosa tomato.