Abstract

GLUCOSE DISTRIBUTION OF HIV PATIENTS CO-INFECTED WITH MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS

Anwara Ogbonnaya*, Humphrey Osadolor Benedo, Edeogu Chucks Oswald, Akinpelu Moronkeji, Patrick Manafa Onochie

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by the presence of hyperglycemia resulting in defective insulin secretion, insulin action or both. This study was designed to access the serum glucose levels of patients infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus, patients infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV patents co-infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A total of 400 subjects consisting of 150 HIV seropositive subjects, 150 individuals infected with M. tuberculosis and 100 HIV individuals co-infected with M. tuberculosis, were enrolled for this study. HIV diagnosis was performed using the National Algorithm utilizing Determine, Uni- Gold and Stat-Pak rapid test kits. The method adopted for Mycobacterium tuberculosis identification was the gene-Xpert procedure. Fasting blood glucose was assayed using glucose oxidase method. A significant difference was observed in age and gender of HIV, TB and HIV positive subjects co-infected with TB (P < 0.001 and P < 0.002 respectively). HIV/TB infected subjects had the highest hyperglycemic index (37.0 %) while group infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis had (28.0%). The HIV infected group had (22.7%). HIV subject co-infected with TB were found to be twice more likely to be hyperglycemic than the HIV counterparts. This study further revealed that adults within the age range of 30-69 had a higher percentage of HIV infection, TB and HIV co-infection with TB. It is therefore recommended that all patients with HIV, TB and HIV/TB coinfection should be screened for Diabetes Mellitus, the use of specific and predictive methods should be encouraged for Glucose examination in TB/HIV co-infected subjects.

Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV.