Abstract

DRY EYE DISEASE: A REVIEW ARTICLE

*Dr. Shubhangi Shridhar Kale and Dr. Sachin Rameshwar Bhagwat

Abstract

Dry eye disease (DED) is a tear film disorder due to tear deficiency or excessive tear evaporation, which cause damage to the interpalpebral ocular surface associated with symptoms of discomfort, visual disturbances and tear film instability with potential damage to ocular surface. Globally its prevalence is ranging from 20 to 50%, which is growing day by day worldwide. It‟s pathogenetic mechanisms include hyperosmolarity of tear film, inflammation of the ocular surface and lachrymal gland. Dry eye is clinically divides into two subtypes: one with increased tear evaporation (evaporative DED) & one with decreased tear secretion (aqueous deficient DED). The diagnostic evaluation of dry eye should include patient detailed history, slit lamp examination and some diagnostic test. According DEWS treatment option of DED is depend on its severity level graded from 1 to 4. Beside that a new concept of treatment strategy was developed by Japanese & Asian Dry-Eye Societies called „Tear film oriented therapy‟ (TFOT), have primary target to produce healthy stable tear film rather than controlling ocular inflammation.

Keywords: Dry eye disease, aqueous deficient DED, evaporative DED etc.