Abstract

ANATOMICAL PERSPECTIVE OF SHIRO MARMA AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Dr. Ganesh Sopanrao Kapse* Dr. Ankush Dattatraya Khedkar and Dr. Holkar Dhanashree Samir

Abstract

In India, every year 1.5-1.7 million people are suffering with neurological disabilities due to traumatic brain injury i.e. shiro marma abhighat. Shira is considered as uttamang i.e. supreme important and major part of the body. Also, it is considered as Principal vital organ of the body where the prana i.e. life along with sense faculties resides. All the sense organs and channels carrying the sensory and vital impulses from shira, hence, it is included in Trimarma. Unique concept of trimarma is explained by acharya Charaka. He was the first to give this great science in its mortal form. The Trimarmiya adhyaya is the special attribute to the marma chikitsa which represents the emergency aspect of ayurvedic treatement. Shir, Hridaya and Basti these 3 marmas are the basic authoritative organs representing the 3 different systems of the body, viz-nervous system, cardio-vascular and urinary system. All these 3 marmas are sadyapranhar and thus they are a center of Agni and vata dosha and so physiologically they play vital responsibility in maintaining the health. Among trimarma, hridaya and basti holds a distinguished position in respect to their anatomy and physiology as hridaya and basti as a koshtanga is completely distinct from hridaya and basti marma. Among these trimarma Shira is having prime importance. Acharya Shaunak and Kumarshira Bhardwaj emphasized that head of the foetus developed first because it is the site of all the important indriyas. Acharya Sushruta also quoted that injury to Shira may lead to death of the patient. This injury may be due to external or internal factors leading to shiromarma abhighata. It can be considered as one among traumatic brain injury. The present study reveals anatomy of shiromarma and its clinical significance.

Keywords: Trimarma, Shiromarma, Marmabhighat.