Abstract

DYNAMISM OF RHIZOSPHERE ORGANISM IN THE ENHANCEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY

Jaylakshmi Hazra*, Arup Kumar Mitra

Abstract

Rhizosphere includes many microorganisms which show different types of interactions with the soil. Rhizospheric effect is more in bacteria than any other soil microorganisms. Rhizospheres help in bioremediation. Some bacteria namely Pseudomonas, Aerobacter, Agrobacterium have the ability to solubilize the insoluble inorganic phosphates like tricalcium phosphate, rock phosphate etc. Some enzyme producing microorganisms like Triticum viridae which produces cellulase and chitinase degrades cellulose and chitin respectively. In the rhizospheric soil some nitrogen fixing bacteria are found like Azorhizobium, Allorhizobium, Rhizobium. Some free-living bacteria found helps in the plant growth. Some organic acid producing fungi like Aspergillus niger which produces citric acid is used as blood anticoagulant, descaler etc. These organic acid producing fungi have many economical uses like tanning and leather industry, plastic, cosmetic industry. Siderospores are present which are iron-chelating protectant produced by all aerobic rhizospheric organism.

Keywords: phosphate solubilization, nitrogen fixation, organic acid, siderospores