Abstract

ALLERGIC RHINITIS: AN UPDATED REVIEW

Smitha Mariyam Thomas*, Dhivya Jose, Greeshma Rajesh and Joise P.

Abstract

Allergic Rhinitis is a prevalent condition in adulthood that affects people of all ages. Nasal inflammation, nasal itch, rhinorrhoea and sneezing are the classic symptoms of the condition. Although Allergic Rhinitis (AR) is not a serious disease, it is clinically relevant because it involves many complications, is a major risk factor for poor asthma control and affects quality of life and productivity at work or at school. A diagnostic test of a pharmacotherapeutic agent may be started in people with clinically identified Allergic Rhinitis; however, specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) reactivity needs to be recorded to confirm the diagnosis. In order to establish the diagnosis of Allergic Rhinitis, a detailed history, physical examination and allergy skin testing are required. Awareness of patients is a vital component of care. The main therapy is oral antihistamines of the second generation and intranasal corticosteroids. Allergen immunotherapy is an effective immune modulating therapy that should be recommended if Allergic Rhinitis is not or is not tolerated in pharmacology. Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis requires a step-by-step approach depending on the severity and duration of symptoms. Only immunotherapy with specifically controlled allergens may change the natural history of Allergic Rhinitis. This article provides an overview of this disorder, pathophysiology, treatment and proper management.

Keywords: Allergic Rhinitis, Immunoglobulin E, Allergen immunotherapy.