Abstract

ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE PATTERN OF ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII AMONG ICU PATIENTS, IN KHARTOUM STATE-SUDAN

Shirehan M. Ibrahim, Elamin M. Ibrahim, Omer A. Ibrahim, Einas Awad Osman*, Omnia M. Hamid and Hassan A. Alaziz

Abstract

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii has become a significant nosocomial pathogen because of its remarkable ability to acquire antibiotic resistance and to survive in nosocomial environments. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Acinetobacter baumannii among ICU Patients, in Khartoum state-Sudan. Methods: One hundred isolates suspected of A.baumanii were collected from ICU patients, from the RoyalCare International Hospital and Ribbat National Hospital, then identified by PCR method, The disc diffusion of antimicrobial susceptibility testing according to the (CLSI, using Muller-Hinton agar (Hi-Media, Mumbai) and antimicrobial discs (bioanalyse, Turkey and Hi-Media, Mumbai). The following antimicrobial agents (μg/ml) were used: Ceftazidim (30), ccefuroxime (30), gentamicin (10), cefixime (30), ciprofloxacin (5), amoxiclav (30), meropenem (10), ceftriaxone (30) and colistin (10). Result: a total of 100 non-fermenting short Gram-negative bacilli isolates obtained from hospital microbiology laboratory were re-identified as Acinetobacter spp by PCR method. A.baumannii was identified in 39 isolates and Acinetobacter species in 13 isolates while the remaining 48 were identified as non-Acinetobacter species, All 39 A.baumanii isolates were subjected to 9 type of the commonly used antibiotic at Khartoum State microbiology laboratory, Among A.baumanii the resistance rates were extremely high for all types except 16 isolates were susceptible toward colistin. MDR was seen in most of isolates. Conclusion: Antibiotic resistance is considered to be a major future challenge in Sudan, No doubt the emergence and spread of the resistance to carbapenem in A. baumannii will further limit clinical therapeutic options and threaten the public health of the region.

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