Abstract

PANDEMIC IN INDIA OF COVID 19 AND COMMUNITY TRANSMISSION R. C. PATEL INSTITUTE OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH, SHIRPUR, MAHARASHTRA

Savita Mandan*, Suraj Chonde and Maitreyee Chavan

Abstract

The mysterious coronavirus outbreak in the Chinese city Wuhan, now termed as COVID-19, and its fast spread to many other countries, endangers thousands of lives. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). While the majority of cases result in mild symptoms, some progress to pneumonia and multi-organ failure. People contract COVID-19 by touching a contaminated surface and then touching any orifice of body. The standard method of diagnosis is by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) from a nasopharyngeal swab. Corona virus are large envelop virus of 80 to 200 nm in diameter. In addition to the three main structural proteins possessed by all coronaviruses, human coronaviruses (as well as HEV, MHV, MHV-JHM strain and BCV) possess a fourth protein, a haemagglutinin/esterase, termed HE, which also resides in the envelop. Coronavirus transmission can happen human-to-human as well as from infected animals such as dogs and cats. These symptoms may appear 2-14 days after exposure (based on the incubation period of MERS-CoV viruses). Coronavirus symptoms include those associated with common cold, such as running nose, headache, cough, fever, sore throat and shortness of breath. Chloroquine approved for emergency use by US FDA, Favipiravir, the first approved coronavirus drug in China, Gimsilumab, human monoclonal antibody, Remdesivir (GS-5734) by Gilead Sciences, Actemra (Tocilizumab), Chloroquine phosphate, AbbVie’s HIV protease inhibitor, Lopinavir (200mg), Ritonavir (50mg), Darunavir, Cobicistat these are various drugs used against corona virus. Coronavirus continues to spread across the globe, infecting tens of thousands of people in dozens of countries, making it a pandemic.

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