Abstract

A REVIEW ON PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF CAMELLIA SINENSIS (TEA LEAVE)

Smrati Chaudhari*, Sujeet Kumar Gupta, Seema Yadav and Bhumika Yogi

Abstract

A common plant with numerous beneficial applications to human health is Camellia Sinensis. It contains different important chemical constituents such as polyphenols 10 to 30%, caffeine, aroma chemicals, fats, vitamins, catechins, flavanols, flavanones. Caffeine is used in a wide range of pharmaceutical formulation and beverages, ayurvedic medicines. Tea leaf is used for increasing blood pressure, increasing heart rate and also stimulates CNS. The current review is effort highlight the ethnobotany, phytochemical and pharmacological reports on Camellia sinensis. Phytochemical constituents of tea leaf is carbohydrates, polyphenols, Alkaloids (caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine), protien. Nutritional compounds, Amino acid, and proteins, Volatile compounds, Flavonoids, Pigments, Enzymes, Volatile, minerals. The various solvent systems n-Hexana, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol, methanol, water have separated caffeine from a green tea leaf. A scrutiny the of literature revealed some notable pharmacological activities of the plant such as antiviral, antibacterial, antimutagenic, antimicrobial, hypocholesterolemic, anticoccidial, antihypertensive, antiaging, cardiovascular, anti carriers, antistress, health benefits of tea (population-based studies) and antileishmanial, anticariogenic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer activity.

Keywords: Introduction of Camellia sinensis, ethnobotany of plant, pharmacognosy of plant, pharmacological activity of the plant.