Abstract

THE REVIEW OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE

*Gaikwad Ishwari Eknath (B.Pharm), Prof. Mr. Tushar Akhare  (M.Pharm) and Prof. L. D. Hingane (Ph.D Scoller)

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Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder of aging that affects both motor and cognitive function. The etiology of PD is mostly unknown, but it likely involves both genetic and environmental factors. In contrast, the network-level pathology of PD is reasonably well understood. There are quite effective medications to treat the motor symptoms of PD. In addition, medication-resistant PD is routinely treated with deep brain stimulation (DBS). Despite the clinical success of DBS in PD, the mechanisms of action of DBS are poorly understood. In this chapter, we will first review the basic clinical aspects of PD, and then we will consider the network-level pathology. Finally, we will discuss the effect of DBS on the diseased networks. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. Early concepts looking at PD as purely a motor disorder have led the way to seeing it as a much more widespread neurological disease with affective, cognitive, and autonomic manifestations. The etiology of PD is still unknown, but important steps have been made to understand its pathogenesis . To a large extent, these derived from the identification of genetic variants of PD. Mutations in several genes have been discovered that cause monogenic PD, while GWAS has identified other loci associated with sporadic disease.

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