Abstract

REVIEW ON POTENTIAL MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN OXIDATIVE STRESS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF PARKINSON’S DISEASE AND THE ROLE OF BIOMARKERS

Dr. Manjunatha P. Mudagal*, Gayathry P., Akhila N. R., Akanksh Das, Kmenlang Sutong and Vibhu Bhardwaj

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Abstract

Parkinson‟s disease is a common, multifactorial neurological disorder caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in SNpc leads to dopamine deficiency. It is the second common neurodegenerative disease. Risk factors such as genetic and environmental provide an impact on the diseased condition. It was primarily characterized by the overexpression of the clumps of proteinaceous inclusions called Lewy bodies composed of alpha-synuclein & having a marked motor and non-motor features. Oxidative stress exerts a negative effect in Parkinson‟s disease, is a significant contributory factor in the progression of disease condition through various mechanisms including reactive oxygen species generation that promotes the oxidation of macromolecules such as lipids, proteins & nucleic acid, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation including microgliosis, astrogliosis, lymphocytic infiltration, excitotoxicity. To provide better clinical intervention and treatment, it is essential to find reliable, robust, specific & sensitive biomarkers for Parkinson‟s disease. It can clearly distinguish the disease from other conditions, monitor its progression, or indicate a positive response to therapeutic intervention. This review covers the mechanisms involved in oxidative stress in the genesis of disease and current potential biomarkers, highlighting their role in Parkinson‟s disease.

Keywords: Parkinson?s disease, Pathogenesis, Neuropathology, Proteins, Oxidative stress, Biomarkers.