Abstract

HYPERTENSION- A REVIEW

Siva Lekshmi S. P.*, Shruthy B. Kurup, Surabhi G. S., Karthika Lal, Soumya R.V., Prasobh G. R.

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Abstract

Hypertension remains one of the most significant causes of mortality worldwide. Hypertension is also known as high blood pressure it is defined as the systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 140 mm Hg or more, or a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 90 mm Hg or more. Recent studies from Indian have shown the prevalence of hypertension to be 25% in urban and 10% in rural people in India. Sphygmomanometer is a common routine medical screening tool for measuring BP. High blood pressure is more common in men than women. The risk of high blood pressure increases with age and in early middle age. There are different antihypertensive drug classes. Diuretics, β- blockers, ACE inhibitors, Angiotensin II receptor blockers, and calcium channel blockers are considered primary antihypertensive agents. Calcium channel blockers are the efficacious as other classes of antihypertensive agents in decreasing blood pressure in the elderly patient. For elderly patients aged (>80 years), the risk and benefits of tight control need to be frequently revaluated. This review will discuss the classification, etiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, prescribing patterns of hypertension in geriatrics.

Keywords: Hypertension, prescribing patterns, life style modifications, DASH.