Abstract

BONE MARROW EXAMINATION IN DIAGNOSIS OF HAEMATOLOGICAL DISEASES IN KHARTOUM STATE

Samah Abul Gasim Osman Kroum, Anwar Kordofani, Lina Elnourani, Jamal Bayed Salim*, Sahar Fadul, Salma Alhassan and Mihad Mubark

Abstract

Background: Bone marrow examination is a useful and effective diagnostic tool in. haematological practice for the diagnosis of both neoplastic and non neoplastic haematological diseases. Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate bone marrow examination as a diagnostic tool. This includes Evaluation of the request form, indications for bone marrow examination, patient awareness about the procedure, the procedure itself, the impact of bone marrow examination on diagnosis of disease, correlation between clinical diagnosis and final diagnosis and correlation between bone marrow aspirate and biopsy findings. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional prospective and retrospective study carried out in the period from August 2015 to August 2016 at Soba university Hospital, RICK (Radio Isotope Centre of Khartoum) hospital. Military hospital and two private laboratories. All patients presenting for bone marrow examination during the study period were included. All Bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsies were done on the posterior superior iliac spine. Request forms were revised and classified as adequate, or inadequate. Indications for bone marrow examination as stated by the requesting doctor were evaluated. The final diagnoses were compared with provisional diagnoses. Correlation between aspiration result and biopsy findings were studied. The impact of bone marrow examination on the diagnosis of cases was studied and evaluated. Results: 700 patiets had adequate clinical information, while 300 patiets did not. 970 patients the indications for bone marrow examination were mentioned. All patients were verbally informed about the procedure. The procedure itself was done in a manner approaching acceptable international standards. 712 patients final diagnosis was reached, 235 patients bone marrow diagnosis was supportive to the clinical diagnosis. 53 patients reporting was inconclusive. 287 of benign condition were diagnosed by aspiration only and confirmed by biopsy. 216 of malignant conditions were diagnosed by aspiration but biopsy needed for confirmation and treatment follow up. Conclusion: Most of the request forms were adequately filled by the clinicians with reasonable clinical information. The clinical information for bone marrow were well correlated with the final diagnosis. Bone marrow examination had positive impact on the diagnosis of the disease in the studied population.

Keywords: Bone marrow aspiration, Bone marrow examination haematological diseases