Abstract

DESCRIPTIVE AND ANALYTICAL STUDY OF SUSHUTOKTA VEDHYA AND AVEDHYA SIRA, APPLIED ASPECT OF KURPARGAT VEDHYA SIRA W.S.R.TO VEDHANA PRAMANA- A REVIEW STUDY

Sachin S. Dargu* and Rajesh Renukadas Choudhary

Abstract

The knowledge observed by direct perception and that obtained by the study of the science, both together make for enhancement of one’s knowledge.[1] Anatomy being the basis of surgery probably it was necessary for Sushruta to deal anatomical details before preparing for surgery. It is also possible that the knowledge of anatomy got more advanced during the period of Sushruta. Sushruta was the first scholar scientist who described the method of dissection in study of Anatomy[2] Sushruta has explained Anatomy of sira in Sharira sthana 7th chapter “Siravarna Vibhakta Nama Shariram”. Sushruta’s concepts of“Sira Shariram” and “Sira vedhyavidhi Shariram” are specifically unique. But the term sira, in one place reflects a meaning of blood vessels while at other place, it means nerve. In such condition it is very difficult to know doubtlessly about it like Modern Anatomy. Ayurvedic acharyas has used an anatomical term sira, which is one of the controversial terms (structure). It is used to represents tubular structure, to carry material such as Rasa & Rakta[3] There are seven hundred Sira[4] 700 siras distribution as per Shadanga Sharir is given as 400 siras present in the Shakhas (extremities), 136 in Koshtha (Trunk) and 164 in parts above the shoulders. 98 Avedhya siras and 602 vedhya siras in body[5] (Sushruth Samhita Sharir Sthana 7/20,21 127p Murthy). Diseases of skin, tumors, edema and diseases arising from blood will never occur in persons indulging in bloodletting whenever required[6] (Sushruth Samhita Sutra sthana 14/34 93p). The applied anatomical aspects of the vedhya siras (Veins to be punctured) is mentioned in Sushruta Samhita by specific site (place) of siras in specific diseases, anatomical positions for sira vedhan and size of puncture (in muscular area, bony area and other area).[7] (Sushrut Samhita Sharir Sthana 8/17,9,8 135,133,132p Murthy) Anatomical applied aspect of the dakshin kurpargat abhyantar vedhya sira is the site (place) for vedhana mentioned by suhrutacharya in Yakriddalyudara, in kphodara, kasa and shwasa.[7] (Sushrut Samhita Sharir Sthana 8/17 135p).There are 20 Dusta vedhya i.e. improper puncturing mentioned by Sushrutacharya in that Atividdha is that puncture which is more than the required measurement in that blood flow either goes inside the body or flows out in large quantity.[8] (Sushrut Samhita sharir Sthana 8/19 137p). This study may be helpful to evaluate the puncturing size of the siras at particular region by determining the anatomical position of vedhya sira in the body, whether the vedhya sira area mentioned by sushrutacharya is muscular, bony or any other form so that the puncturing size mentioned by sushrutacharya will be helpful according to the region, disorder and to prevent excess loss of blood during puncturing the vein. As most frequently the cubital region vein puncturing is used for blood sampling and also this vein puncture (vedhana) is mentioned by sushrutacharya in yakriddalyudara, kaphodara, kasa and shwasa. So the vedhan pramana of this sira according to sushrutacharya and modern study is reviewed from the literature study. In muscular areas, puncturing should be size of the yava (barley grain) and in other it should be of size one vrihi (paddy/rice) using a puncturing needle.[9]

Keywords: 1) Sira Sharir from Sushruth Samhita Sharir Sthana chapter 7 & 8. 2) Avedhya and Vedhya Siras Mentioned in Sushrut Sharir Sthana. 3) Pramana(Size) of Vedhya Sira in accordance to the Vedhya Sthana. 4) Vedhya Pramana of Cubital region Vedhya sira mentioned