Abstract

ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES: PATHOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

Sumit Kumar* and Ganesh N. Sharma

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease is now the major cause of death worldwide, and the majority of cardiovascular deaths are caused by coronary artery diseases (CAD). ACS is particularly concerning because it is both prevalent and portends a poor prognosis. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a class of diseases in which blood stream to the heart is reduced, including unstable angina (UA), non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) & ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Despite significant progress in the diagnosis and treatment of acute coronary syndromes, ischaemic heart disease accounts for nearly half of all deaths. STEMI, NSTEMI, stable angina and unstable angina are the events in ACS. Role of endothelium & role of inflammation, plaque disruption & thrombosis are the pathophysiological factors of ACS. This articles mainly includes treatment in ACS like beta blockers, ACE inhibitors. ARBs, CCBs, lipid lowering agents and antiplatelet therapy.

Keywords: Acute coronary syndromes, atherosclerosis, unstable angina, stable angina, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, CCBs and beta blockers.