Abstract

COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON HANTAVIRUS

Bharat Garande, Rajani Jadhav*, Manisha Aaldar, Srushti Ingole, Akshay Salunkhe and Rajkumar Kokate

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Abstract

Hantaviruses, which are single-stranded RNA viruses without an envelope and are part of the Hantaviridae family, are hosted by small rodents and spread to humans through inhalation. They are responsible for the diseases hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS), also known as hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) (HCPS). Hantaviruses kill between 35 and 40 percent of those infected each year, infecting more than 200 000 individuals worldwide. Hantaviruses have a major impact on the target cells because they prevent the apoptotic factor from occurring in these cells. Hantavirus is detected in the human body using a variety of different diagnostic tools, such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunoblot assay (IBA), immunofluorescence assay (IFA), and other molecular techniques.

Keywords: Hantavirus, Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Hantaan virus, Andes virus.