Abstract

REVIEW ON ROLE OF ENZYMES AND IMMUNE RESPONSES IN HOOKWORM INFECTIONS

Dr. B. Diana J. Satya Latha*

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Abstract

The present review reveals that the enzymatic activities and immune response in hookworm infections (Ancylostomiasis). The term Ancylostomiasis is also known as miner's anaemia, tunnel disease, brickmaker's anaemia and Egyptian chlorosis. Helminthiasis may also refer to Ancylostomiasis, but this term also refers to all other parasitic worm diseases as well. Enzymatic studies provide an important pathological changes, cellular activities and thus helps to know the physiological changes of the host. This article reveals the physiological disturbances of the hosts are due to the synchronized activities of the parasite on various vital organs and tissues. The pathological effects of hookworms are manifested in the picture of blood, serum and in the lesions of liver, heart and skeletal muscles of the host. Thus enzymes plays a major role in Ancylostomiasis. This article may helpful to several authors to understand the Heatshok proteins (HSPs), Glutathione-S transferases (GSTs), Phosphotases, Proteases, Aspartic Proteases, Metallo proteases, Superdoxide and Calretialin. The abnormality of body physiology can be detected by estimation of enzymes. There was a temporal relationship between infection and enzymatic levels, since enzymatic changes associated with the immunological effects. The lifespan of adult hookworms is more likely determined by the genetics of the parasite than by host immunity. There seems to be Advances in molecular biotechnology should enable the identification and characterization of an increasing number of parasite molecules, improving our detailed understanding of the protective and pathogenic mechanisms involved in hookworm infections.

Keywords: Ancylostomiasis, Hookworm, Enzymatic studies, Immune response.