Abstract

EXCIPIENT USED IN PARENTRAL FORMULATION

Rishdev Prabhaker* and Shriyanshi Tripathi

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Abstract

Parenterals are the sterilized preparation which is administered directly into the systemic circulation. This medication is specifically used to inject drug directly into the bloodstream or body tissue. Excipients are used in parenteral formulations to improve the stability (buffers, antioxidants, chelating agents, Cryoprotectant and lyoprotectant), to maintain isotonicity (tonicity agents), assure safety (antimicrobial preservatives), solubility (solubilizer), and control the duration of drug delivery (polymers). This article highlights the detail about the listed excipient and drug products in parenteral preparations. The reader will be able to understand and appreciate the purpose of adding excipients to parenteral drug products. It suppresses the body’s natural defense mechanisms. Excipients are the major part of pharmaceutical preparations and are defined as any ingredient used in a dosage form except the active ingredient. Ideal properties of excipients are they must be considered safe, inert and multifunctional. Safety of excipients is the top most priority for pharmaceutical formulations. Therefore, proper studies should be conducted before the selecting an excipient. This review article provides a summarized detail of the excipients used in parenteral products.

Keywords: Parenterals, Excipient, lyophilized, stabilizer, solubilizer, antioxidants, antimicrobial, preservative, buffering agent, mannitol, bulking agent, sterilization.