Abstract

A CONCISE REVIEW ON DESIGNING OF DOSAGE FORMS

Preeti Nashier, Kavita Berwar, Dinesh Kaushik* and Bharat Bhushan

Abstract

In drug delivery, active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is delivered to the patient through different methods and shapes which are called pharmaceutical dosage forms (PDFs). Every Pharmaceutical dosage form provides unique properties, advantages, and disadvantages which result in different dosage forms for one API. For example Ibuprofen is available in tablet, capsule, suppository, syrup, suspension, oral drop, parenteral, cream, and gel formulations. Pharmaceutical dosage forms make an active pharmaceutical ingredient administrable. Usually the PDFs contain excipients in addition to the APIs. Excipients can alter pharmacokinetic of medicine and affect the final outcome of drug therapy. Therefore some modifications including change of excipients/matrix or coating are applied. Pharmaceutical dosage forms can be categorized based on their physical state or route of administration. The PDFs have one of the following physical forms: gaseous, liquid, semi solid, and solid. Depend on route of administration PDFs are placed in one of the following groups: per oral, sublingual-buccal, ocular, otologic, nasal, urogenital, rectal, alveolar, dermal, and parenteral. All of these routes can cause systemic or local pharmacological effects. The pharmaceutical dosage forms are provided based on properties of active pharmaceutical ingredient, the needs of formulator, manufacturer, administrator, and patient.

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