Abstract

HYPOTENSIVE AND ANTIRADICAL POTENTIALITIES OF THE AQUEOUS EXTRACT AND FOUR FRACTIONS OF THE LEAVES OF SPONDIAS MOMBIN LINN. (ANACARDIACAE). IN RATS

Etou Ossibi Arnaud Wilfrid*, Mboungou-Bouesse Blondy, Ngolo Elva, Gouollaly Tsiba and et Abena Ange A.

Abstract

Spondias mombin (S. mombin) is a plant of the family Anacardiacae, used in traditional Congolese medicine against hypertension. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antiradical and hypotensive potentiality of the aqueous extract of the different fractions of S. mombin leaves in rats. The hypotensive study of the aqueous extract and the different fractions of the leaves of S. mombin was evaluated by the invasive method. The extract and the different fractions (F1, F2, F3 and F4) caused a significant decrease in blood pressure and heart rate. The decrease in blood pressure varied along a gradient of decreasing polarity (F4, F3, F2, F1, and the extract); the same trends were observed for heart rate. The F4 fraction showed a greater decrease in blood pressure than the extract and the other fractions. This decrease observed with F4, suggests that this fraction is more active than the extract and the other fractions. The extract and the different fractions presented a very pronounced antiradical activity, the F4 and F3 fractions present an antiradical activity close to quercetin, gallic acid and alpha tocopherol. The F4 and F3 fractions also presented a rather high content of total polyphenols and flavonoids in contrast to the extract and other fractions. The high content of total polyphenols and total flavonoids confirms the hypotensive and antiradical activity observed in the present study.

Keywords: Antiradical, hypotensive, fractions, Spondias mombin.