Abstract

GENETIC LINK BETWEEN TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: A REVIEW

Subhankar Das*, Gyan Ranjan, Faiqua Jamal, Mitali Sarkar, Sushama Deb and Somnath Nishad

.

Abstract

Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are conditions that cause an increased public health burden. Though most of the pathophysiological factors are similar both diseases. There is been speculation that they share a common effector. It is presumable that in this situation, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and obesity will play an important role. Several studies have discovered that so many genes and gene mutations are highly responsible for the development of life-threatening diseases like T2DM and cardiac disease. The common effector theory is predicated on the assumption that inheritable factors affect diabetes, other diabetic complications (diabetic neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, etc), and CVD. Whereas, TCF7L2 and CDKN2A/B gene candidates are highly responsible for the cardiac disease but these are not related to insulin level. Current investigation has improved the better perception of the complicated genetics of primary diabetic macrovascular problems. Many of the genes like- ADIPOR1, ApoE, SOD2, and HMGA1 are directly linked with T2DM and CVD. The connections between the genetics of diabetes and CVD still require a lot of clarification. After the identification and characterization of proper genomic variants, it will become easier to define the genetic-related disease. This review discusses recent researchbased hereditary and epigenome studies of T2DM and CVD which help to provide specific knowledge and direction in this area for future aspects.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Cardiovascular disease, epigenetics, Insulin.