Abstract

A BRIEF REVIEW OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE & CURRENT TREND FOR RESEARCH

Prof. Ashwini Shrikrushna Taware*

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Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of premature death & disability in humans & their incidences in on the rise globally. CVDs also generate a high socioeconomic burden in the general population. The underlying pathogenesis and progression associated with nearly all CVDs are predominantly of atherosclerotic origin that leads to the development of coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, venous thromboembolism and, peripheral vascular disease, subsequently causing myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias or stroke. The etiological risk factors leading to the onset of CVDs are well recognized and include hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, smoking and, lack of physical activity. Besides making favorable lifestyle modifications, primary regimes for the prevention and treatment of CVDs include lipid-lowering drugs, antihypertensive, antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapies. Despite their effectiveness, significant gaps in the treatment of CVDs remain. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology and pathology of the major CVDs that are prevalent globally. We also determine the contribution of wellrecognized risk factors towards the development of CVDs and the prevention strategies. In the end, therapies for the control and treatment of CVDs are discussed.

Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases, Epidemiology, Pathology, Risk factors, Prevention strategies, Therapies.