Abstract

PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH AN ASSOCIATION OF SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME AND HEART FAILURE

*S. Kadiri and A. Salama

.

Abstract

Background: the sleep apnea syndrome is a factor contributing to the impairment of ventricular function and thus worsening of heart failure, which justifies its screening in this disease. Aims: The aim of our study was to determine the profile of patients with syndrome association of sleep apnea - heart failure. Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study over a period of 2 years (November 2019- December 2021), performed in 42 patients with sleep apnea syndrome with at least one relapse of heart failure. Results: There’s a majority of men (61.9 %) with a mean age of 66 years. A statistically significant prevalence of obstructive SAS (66.67%), followed by mixed SAS (14.29%) and central SAS (11.9%). Factors such as, hypertension (71.43%), dyslipidemia (73.81%) and obesity (40.48%), were associated with sleep apnea syndrome in a statistically significant way. We also noted a correlation between the association of sleep apnea syndrome - heart failure and dilated left atrium (42.86%), atrial fibrillation (47.62%) and mitral profile type III (38.10%). Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction predominates in our patients (88.10%). Pulmonary hypertension is a poor prognostic factor. Hypertensive heart disease is the major cause. The sleep apnea syndrome central type seems to be linked to the development of systolic heart failure and mitral profile type III. In contrast, the mixed type apnea syndrome is associated with heart failure with preserved ejection and mitral profile type II. Conclusions: Factors such as obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, atrial fibrillation, dilatation of the left atrium and the restrictive mitral flow are closely correlated with the syndrome association of sleep apnea - heart failure.

Keywords: Heart failure, sleep apnea syndrome, profile of patients.