Abstract

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON ACUTE DIARRHOEA DISEASE

*Ashvini Arun Tukar, Atul Bisen, Dr. Manjeet Singh and Dr. Rajesh Mujariya

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Abstract

Diarrhea is the most important causes of mortality in middle- and lowincome countries. However, diarrhea complications and deaths are preventable. Vaccines, water, sanitation, and hygiene and breastfeeding are effective and affordable interventions. Diarrhea in the immune compromised host, traveler’s diarrhea, and diarrhea in the hospitalized patient are also discussed. Most episodes of acute diarrhea are self-limited, and investigations should be performed only if the results will influence management and outcome. After an adequate history and physical examination, the clinician should be able to classify the acute diarrheal illness, assess the severity, and determine whether investigations are needed. Most patients do not require specific therapy. Therapy should mainly be directed at preventing dehydration. Various home remedies frequently suffice in mild, self-limited diarrhea. However, in large-volume, dehydrating diarrhea, oral rehydration solutions should be used, as they are formulated to stimulate sodium and water absorption. Antidiarrheal agents can be useful in reducing the number of bowel movements and diminishing the magnitude of fluid loss.

Keywords: Diarrheal drug, Kwashiorkor syndrome, Suspension, Pediatric and Geriatric, Effervescent.