Abstract

EMERGING THERAPY FOR DIABETES

Kshitij Salve*

.

Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by high levels of glycemia (or glucose), which over time causes major damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys and nerves. Type-1 diabetes, also known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes, is a chronic disease in which the pancreas itself produces little or no insulin. Type- 2 diabetes is the most common, mostly in adults. Type-2 diabetes, also known as adult-onset diabetes mellitus, is impairment in the way the body regulates and uses sugar (glucose) as a fuel. This long-term (chronic) condition leads to too much sugar circulating in the blood. Subsequently, high blood sugar may cause disorders of the circulatory, nervous and immune systems. Over the last 30 years, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes has increased dramatically in countries of all income groups. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as varying degrees of impaired glucose tolerance first detected during pregnancy. GDM is detected by screening clinical risk factors in pregnant women. Prediabetes is a condition defined as having blood sugar levels above normal but below the defined threshold for diabetes. It is considered a dangerous condition that increases the chances of developing diabetes. Diabetes can be cured by taking certain medications, mostly Insulin and anti-diabetic drugs.

Keywords: Diabetes, Insulin, GDM, Prediabetes, Anti-diabetic drug.