Abstract

PROBIOTICS AND THEIR ROLE IN HUMAN HEALTH

Sandhya Priya Parthasaradhi*, Nagammagari Kusuma and Mohan Pakala

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Abstract

The objective of this comprehensive review is to study the probiotics and their role in human health. Probiotics are beneficial organisms normally found in the human gastrointestinal tract. These organisms work through several interrelated mechanisms and ensure to promote health at molecular level. They conquer potentially harmful organisms in intestine, reduces the risk of infection or toxin-mediated diseases. They regulate immune responses against infectious organisms and help to suppress inflammation. Probiotics promote the function of intestinal inner lining and enhances its ability to act as a barrier for the entry of potentially dangerous organisms and chemicals. These actions depend on the biochemical signals between intestinal bacteria and human cells. They are widely used in the production of different dairy and fermented dairy products. Due to their remarkable role, probiotics are now emerged as vital category of supplements and found in conventional, medicinal and dietary products etc.

Keywords: Probiotics, Colonization, Adhesion, Colonization resistance, Gut microbiota.