Abstract

REVIEW ON OCULAR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Pravin Sanjay Jagtap*, Pranali Hatwar and Dr. Gajanan Sanap

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Abstract

Ocular drug delivery is the main issue facing formulation scientists and pharmacologists today. The most practical and patient-friendly method of administering medication is via topical eye drops, particularly when treating anterior segment disorders. Precorneal, dynamic, and static ocular barriers limit the delivery of drugs to the targeted ocular tissues. Furthermore, target tissues do not retain therapeutic drug levels for extended periods of time. Over the last twenty years, research on ocular drug delivery has made significant progress in creating innovative, safe, and patient-friendly drug delivery formulations and techniques that could potentially overcome these obstacles and sustain drug levels in tissues. The use of permeation and viscosity enhancers in conventional topical solutions has led to advancements in anterior segment drug delivery. It also entails creating custom topical formulations, like ointments, emulsions, and suspensions. Additionally, a number of Nano formulations for anterior segment ocular drug delivery have been introduced. The preferred method for treating ocular diseases is topical application due to the blood-ocular barrier. The most widely used traditional ophthalmic dosage forms consist of solutions, suspensions, and ointments; however, they are not very effective as therapeutic systems. The required amount of drug is not available for immediate therapeutic action because it binds to the surrounding extra orbital tissues. After administration, a significant portion of the topically applied drug is immediately diluted in the tear film, excess fluid spills over the lid margin, and the remaining portion is rapidly drained into the nasolacrimal duct Frequent topical administration is required to maintain adequate drug levels in light of these losses. To reach therapeutic levels when a medication is administered systemically to treat ocular diseases, there must be a significant amount of the drug circulating in the plasma. The duration of the drug's action can be noticeably extended and the frequency of drug administration can be decreased by employing prolonged drug delivery. Creating formulations like liposomes, nanoparticles, and microspheres that can function as effective ocular drug delivery systems can help achieve this kind of drug delivery.

Keywords: Ocular drug delivery systems, suspension, emulsion, ointments, Anatomy.