Abstract

A REVIEW ON BENEDIKT

*Pathipati Meghana and E. Rajani

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Abstract

Benedikt syndrome is rare neurological disorder of midbrain. Herein, we present a case of Benedikt syndrome, who presented with left sided body weakness, right oculomotor nerve palsy cerebellar ataxia, and Holmes tremor in the left upper limb following mid brain infraction. She was treated with aspirin, clopidogrel, and amiodarone. Benedikt syndrome is rare midbrain syndrome which is associated with the damage of the median mesencephalic tegmentum. The most commonly etiology of this syndrome is ischemic stroke. The occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery or the paramedian branches of the basilary artery results with the ischemia of this midbrain territory. Ipsilateral oculomotor nerve palsy, contralateral hemiparesis, are the clinical signs of this syndrome. Benedikt syndrome with an etiologic cause of cardioembolic stroke, who was diagnosed by the neurological examination and neuroradiological findings. This syndrome is caused by lesions of the midbrain and cerebellar tegmentum. specifically, the median zone is compromised. It can result from occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery or the basilar artery. Moiz Benedikt, an Austrian neurologist, first described this constellation of symptoms in the year of 1889. He described three similar cases involving oculomotor nerve palsy, contralateral hand jerking / tremor, contralateral involuntary leg movements, and contralateral upper motor neuron facial weakness. An autopsy revealed that tuberculoma a ‘’pigeons egg’ ’in size amongst other small tuberculomas in the cerebral hemispheres and the regions of the cerebellum. first and subsequent descriptions over the next 40 years describe patients with Benedikt syndrome with slightly varying symptoms, etiology, and lesion location. This historical legacy has subsequently led to patients with pupil sparing, associated "plus-minus lid" syndrome, and varied associated tremors and choreoathetosis' being included in the umbrella nomenclature of "Benedikt syndrome." Current consensus requires the above three symptoms to be considered as Benedikt syndrome.

Keywords: case report, cerebellar ataxia, mesencephalon, oculomotor nerve palsy.