Abstract

A BRIEF REVIEW ON ORGAN ON A CHIP

*Rajyalakshmi, Ch. Sharoon and S. K. Doulathunnisa

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Abstract

Organ on a chip (OOAC) is a novel in-vitro micro-scale biomimetic platform that helps in reproducing physiological environment of human organs. This technology involves cell biology, engineering and material sciences to simulate in-vivo tissue studies. The main advantage of these chips is that they can be manufactured for a very low cost and this can allow to test the effect of a wide range of drug concentration on the efficiency of the medicine. This will allow organs on chip technology to considerably accelerate scientific investigations. Organ on a chip devices including brain, lung, heart, kidney, liver, prostate, vessel (artery), skin, bone, cartilage and more and the method of manufacturing of these models is miniaturized The chips are lined with living human cells and their tiny fluidic channels reproduce blood and/or air flow just as in the human body. Organ-on-a-chip devices can replicate key aspects of human physiology, providing insights into the studied organ function and disease pathophysiology. Moreover, these can accurately be used in drug discovery for personalized medicine.

Keywords: organ-on-a-chip, microfluidics, biomimetic, cell biology, drug discovery.