Abstract

NANOTECHNOLOGY BASED APPROACHES FOR MITIGATING ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

Tanmay Jit*, Saptarshi Mukherjee, Sanglap Mallick, Sarbani Roy, Dibyendu Shil, Saumendu Deb Roy

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Abstract

The threat posed by antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to world health is serious. Due to the depletion of the supply of traditional antibiotics, new and alternative antimicrobial techniques must be researched. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have the potential to be used in biomedical applications as alternative medicinal and diagnostic agents. Over 3000 AMPs have been found so far, but only a small number of them have been given the go-ahead for clinical studies. Due to their systemic toxicity, sensitivity to protease breakdown, short half-life, and quick renal clearance, their therapeutic uses are restricted to topical use. They were the worst enemy of doctors once infectious illnesses struck. In the past, even the smallest illnesses might cause death. Sometimes a fever might be fatal from an illness, no matter how little. Antibiotics, the ultimate defence against bacterial infections, were quickly developed by the researchers. Diseases were defeated by mankind. The joy of this achievement was quickly replaced with a fearful foreboding. Due to the bacteria's development of antibiotic resistance, the ultimate weapon of humanity was to use blunt force against them. Once more, the germs began to spread diseases that were fatal and evocative of the terrible times humanity was attempting to escape. The capacity of bacteria to persist in the presence of antibiotic treatments is known as antimicrobial resistance, or AMR. This implies that the medications that used to be able to kill the germs with ease are now unable to do so. All of this resulted from the bacteria being resistant to antibiotics due to antibiotic abuse. However, thanks to nanotechnology, we will soon be able to move past our dread of antimicrobial resistance and its fatal consequences. If sufficiently studied, nanotechnology offers a number of uses that can quickly assist.

Keywords: Nanotechnology, drug resistance, nanoparticles, antimicrobial peptides, antimicrobial resistance, nanocarriers and drug delivery systems.