Abstract

GREEN CHEMISTRY IN PHARMACEUTICAL SYNTHESIS: SUSTAINABLE APPROACHES FOR DRUG MANUFACTURING

Gopal Kumar Rai, Uriti Sri Venkatesh, Syed Umar Syed Faizuddin, Kanishka Tara Rana, Priya Bhardwaj, Debjit Samanta, Ravi S. Vaishnov, Vishal Pathak and Anil Kumar*

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Abstract

Green chemistry in pharmaceutical synthesis is an area that is undergoing rapid development, with an emphasis on the production of sustainable therapeutics. This paper analyses the principles and application of this innovative strategy in the pharmaceutical sector. By implementing environmentally friendly chemical processes and methods, green chemistry reduces pollution and uses fewer hazardous materials. The aim is to maintain standards of excellence and effectiveness while reducing the environmental impact associated with the manufacture of drugs. The use of sustainable and renewable materials is a key component of pharmaceutical production, and green chemistry is a key component. Pharmaceutical companies can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by substituting bio-based feedstocks for traditional petrochemical-based feedstocks. Additionally, green chemistry promotes the use of catalytic reactions and renewable sources of energy, such as solar energy or wind power, to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. This approach not only reduces carbon footprint but also enhances process efficiency. Another significant aspect of green chemistry in pharmaceutical synthesis is the development of eco-friendly solvents and reaction conditions. Traditional solvents, such as acetonitrile and dichloromethane, are often toxic and hazardous to the environment. By replacing them with benign alternatives, such as water or green solvents, the risk of environmental contamination is reduced. The implementation of green chemistry in pharmaceutical synthesis offers several benefits. It improves sustainability by minimizing resource consumption and waste generation. This approach also reduces the environmental impact associated with drug manufacturing, contributing to a greener and healthier future. In this review, we explore how green chemistry principles can be applied to pharmaceutical synthesis and how this may affect sustainability. Regulatory frameworks promoting green chemistry and the economic benefits and challenges of implementation are also addressed, followed by recommendations for enhancing sustainability in drug manufacturing.

Keywords: Green chemistry, sustainability, renewable feedstocks, biobased building blocks, biomimicry, continuous flow chemistry.