Abstract

A REVIEW ON RECENT UNDERSTANDINGS RELATED TO GUT MICROBIOTA AND THEIR ROLE IN HEALTH AND DISEASE

Dr. Basavanthrao Patil* and Dr. Parmeshwar G. H.

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Abstract

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in human health and disease. The human gut harbours millions of microbes, forming a complex microbial community. This gut microbiota interacts with other organs, creating a multidirectional axis. It communicates with neural, endocrine, humoral, immunological, and metabolic pathways. Most gut microorganisms are non-pathogenic and have symbiotic host relationships. They contribute to the host’s immunity against pathogenic invasion. Dysbiosis and Disease. Dysbiosis refers to an imbalance in gut microbiota composition. Dysbiosis is associated with various human diseases, including Anxiety, Depression, Hypertension, Cardiovascular diseases, Obesity, Diabetes, Inflammatory bowel disease, Cancer Mechanisms and Recent Studies. The exact mechanisms linking gut microbiota to disease development remain unclear. Recent clinical studies worldwide explore specific microbial species and their impact on health and disease. Understanding gut microbiota interactions and updates in this field are essential for maintaining health and treating diseases. Challenges Ahead Researchers face challenges in deciphering the intricate gut microbiota-host interactions. Addressing these challenges will help us harness the potential of gut microbiota for better health outcomes. Aim & Objectives: Observing the role of Gut microbiota in health and disease. Materials and Methods: All the classical texts of modern available, published research papers, PUB med, Google scholar, research Gate, subject related data on Internet and other sources were reviewed for the present study. Results and Conclusion: The Gut microbiota having the primary role in maintaining health and Disease.

Keywords: Microbiome, Microbiota, Symbiosis, Dysbiosis, FMT.