Abstract

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF MORINGA OLEIFERA LEAF EXTRACT, FORMULATION, AND OPTIMIZATION OF SELENIUM NANOPARTICLES FOR ITS ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY

Astha Dhawan*

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Abstract

Green nanoparticle production has several biomedical applications. This study aimed to extract powdered Moringa oleifera leaf material using distilled water at a 2:1 solvent-to-sample ratio. Selenium Nanoparticles (SeNPs) were synthesized by reducing Sodium Selenite with the aqueous leaf extract. This research work examined the plant extract's antioxidant, antibacterial properties, and phytochemical composition, along with the biosynthesis, characterization, and optimization of SeNPs. Analytical techniques such as DLS, SEM, UVvisible spectrometry, FT-IR analysis, TLC analysis, ANOVA, bacterial culture, and DPPH assay were employed to assess the physical attributes, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties of the synthesized SeNPs. Phytoconstituents like alkaloids, tannins, phenolics, sterols, and triterpenoids were identified in the extract, which had a total phenolic content of 65.39±0.78 GAE/mg. UV spectra showed absorption between 294-299 nm, while FTIR analysis indicated phenolic bands at 3272 cm-1. SeNPs size varied from 168.5-520.3 nm depending on extract concentration, with a polydispersity index of 0.261-0.614. SEM analysis revealed smooth, spherical particles. TLC analysis showed two bands with Rf values of 0.63 and 0.76. Optimal SeNPs were produced with 3% extract solution and 45 minutes of stirring. SeNPs exhibited the highest antibacterial activity with a 1.3 cm inhibition zone at 3% concentration. The DPPH test indicated mild to moderate antioxidant activity ranging from 6.34-21.26% RSA.

Keywords: Green-Nanoparticle, Moringa oleifera, Selenium Nanoparticles (SeNPs), Sodium Selenite.