Abstract

TRAUMA FROM OCCLUSION-AN ENLIGHTENING ENCHIRIDION

*Dr. M. N. Akshaya, Dr. P. Bhuvaneswari, Dr. Nithiyanandam P. and Dr. S. Francisk Donus

Abstract

A fleeting century has elapsed since the pioneering publication of Karolyi elucidating the panjandrum that occlusal forces exert over the periodontal tissues; yet lucidity still clouds over the explicit bearing that occlusion has on myriad states of periodontal health and disease. With the advent of occlusion into the boulevard of traumatism, some studies profess that initiation and progression of periodontal disease might ensue, while conflicting studies abnegate the same. The periodontium is in possession of a plethora of mechanoreceptors which function as a key sentinel heralding the regiment of neuromuscular coordination of the masticatory system. These mechanoreceptors in turn are reliant on diligently directed occlusal forces for their activation and erudite functioning. Any departure from the threshold of normalcy leave a profound impact on the health and functioning of periodontium. The denouement can culminate in turn in a state of masticatory dysfunction besides accelerating the propagation of pre-existing periodontal diseases. This review is an attempt to elucidate a cogent vade mecum on trauma from occlusion, right from tracing its history, classification, aetiology, molecular mechanisms, diagnosis and its impact on various structures of periodontium and implants.

Keywords: Trauma from occlusion, periodontitis, occlusion, jiggling forces, yesassociated protein.