Abstract

APPLICATION OF CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES: A REVIEW

Khushvant Joshi* and Dr. Rajendra Pal Singh Rathore

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Abstract

The processing of shellfish is a widespread industry in coastal regions. Only the meat is removed during processing; the head and shells are thrown away as waste. The sea food industry generates 80,000 tonnes of waste annually on average. Recycling shell waste into commercially viable products like chitin is a very easy and effective way to mitigate this environmental hazard. The N-acetyl derivative of chitin that results from N-deacetylation is called chitosan. Chitosan finds extensive application in the food and bioengineering sectors for the encapsulation of potent food ingredients, enzyme immobilisation, controlled drug delivery, and plant growth promotion in agriculture. Nanotechnology has garnered interest recently in a number of domains due to its numerous emerging and innovative applications. Chitosan is an antimicrobial agent as well as a defence elicitor. Interesting characteristics of chitosan include its polycationic nature, biocompatibility, biodegradability, bioactivity, encapsulation, antimicrobial agent, plant growth-promoting agent and plant protector. The use of chitosan nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles has increased due to their increased stability, low toxicity, ease of preparation, and ability to be administered through a variety of routes.

Keywords: Chitosan, Chitosan nanoparticles;, Drug Delivery, Anti-bacterial.