Abstract

PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS AND EVALUATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT EFFICACY OF HYDRO-ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF ZANTHOXYLUM ZANTHOXYLOIDES LAM. FROM KORHOGO, CÔTE D'IVOIRE: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEAVES AND STEM BARK

Bamba Souleymane*, Ambeu-Loko N’ta Christelle Mélissa, Ouattara Logopho Hyacinthe, Fofana Moussa, Mouho Guéi Didier Roselin, N’guessan Patrick Audrey, Zon Doumadé, Kablan Ahmont Landry Claude, Konan Dibi Jacques, Belemlilga Bonewendé Mohamed

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Abstract

Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides Lam., also known as Fagara zanthoxyloides Lam., a plant used in traditional medicine in Korhogo, a city in Côte d’Ivoire, was the subject of an in-depth study on the hydro-ethanolic extracts of its leaves and stem bark. This study included a phytochemical screening, UPLC-MS analysis, and antioxidant evaluation. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, coumarins, sterols, terpenes, volatile oils, and reducing sugars in both plant parts, with anthocyanins specifically detected in the leaves. UPLC-MS analysis identified a flavonol (C15H10O3) in the stem bark. The concentrations of total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, and condensed tannins were significantly higher in the leaves (530.575 ± 2.341 mg GAE/g DW, 13.18 ± 0.96 mg QE/g DW, and 46.75 ± 3.38 mg CE/g DW) compared to those observed in the stem bark (294.103 ± 8.936 mg GAE/g DW, 7.48 ± 0.30 mg QE/g DW, and 5.31 ± 0.48 mg CE/g DW). The antioxidant activity of the leaves (IC50 = 0.076 mg/mL) significantly surpassed that of the stem bark (IC50 = 0.165 mg/mL).

Keywords: UPLC-MS analysis identified a flavonol (C15H10O3) in the stem bark.