Abstract

FREQUENCY, RISK FACTORS AND IN-HOSPITAL OUTCOMES OF ST-ELEVATED MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN PATIENT PRESENTING WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Dr. Abdul Ghaffar Khan*, Dr. Shahzada Dawood Ahmed Babar, Dr. Muhammad Afzal, Dr. Mohammad Atif Gulzar, Dr. Kaleem Ullah Kakar and Dr. Fazal Ur Rehman

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Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global health problem reaching epidemic proportions in both developed and developing countries and it is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The South Asian countries have among the highest incidences of CVD globally. Estimates from the global burden of disease study suggest that by the year 2020 this part of the world will have more individuals with atherosclerotic CVD than any other region. Data on risk factors and in-hospital outcomes for STEMI patients are limited in our local population. Objectives: To determine the frequency of ST elevated myocardial infarction in patient presenting with acute coronary syndrome and to determine the associated factors and in-hospital outcomes in patient with ST elevated myocardial infarction. Study design: Descriptive study. Settings: Department of Cardiology, Bolan Medical College/Hospital Quetta. Study duration: 28th January 2023 to 27th January 2024. Methods: A total of 179 patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome between 18 to 65 years of either gender were included. Patients with previous history of myocardial infarction, history of PCI/CABG and known history of chronic renal disease or liver disease were excluded. Patient electrocardiogram was done for confirmation of ACS and its type as per criteria mention in operational definition. All patient were undergone treatment either PCI or conservative management as per hospital protocol. All Patients were followed till discharge for assessment of in-hospital outcomes such as stroke, acute heart failure, oliguria and mortality. Results: In our study, frequency of ST elevated myocardial infarction in patient presenting with acute coronary syndrome was found in 95 (53.04%) patients. In our study, frequency of in-hospital outcomes in patient with ST elevated myocardial infarction was found to be as follows; acute heart failure in 44 (24.58%), stroke in 19 (10.61%), oliguria in 08 (4.45%) and mortality in 12 (6.70%) patients. Conclusion: This study concluded that frequency of ST elevated myocardial infarction in patient presenting with acute coronary syndrome was found in 53.04% patients with acute heart failure in 24.58%, stroke in 10.61%, oliguria in 4.45% and mortality in 6.70% patients.

Keywords: ST-elevated myocardial infarction, acute heart failure, stroke.