Abstract

ANATOMICAL AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE ON MARMA IN RELATION TO SHOCK

Dr. Annapurna R.*

Abstract

Sushruta has devoted a significant portion of his work to the surgical aspects of treatment, identifying key areas of the body that need to be safeguarded during any surgical or non-surgical procedure. Additionally, he has detailed a comprehensive guide on these critical areas that should be protected from any harm. These areas are referred to as Marma. It's important to note that not all vital areas lead to death when injured. Some may result in deformity or intense pain. When discussing death by shock, it's crucial to focus on the Marma or lethal spots that can lead to death upon injury.[1,5] Shock is defined as a situation where there is a gradual breakdown of the body's normal functions, often caused by surgery, injury, cuts, poisoning, or infections. Typically, this situation quickly progresses to death. It represents a physiological condition where there's a major decrease in blood flow to the tissues, leading to a reduction in oxygen supply to the tissues. This eventually causes permanent damage to cells and tissues, leading to the failure of major organs, multiple organ failure, and ultimately, death. The reasons for shock can range from low blood volume to damage to the spinal cord. Regardless of the cause, it ultimately results in the failure of the circulatory system, which leads to death.[1] Marma is included in the prognostic analysis of disease. Sushruta defines Marma as the sum total of elements like Mamsa, Sira, Snayu, Asthi and Sandhi. The author gives the etymology of the word "Marma" which also indicates the possibility of death after suffering. The subject of Marma is well explained from the medical and surgical perspective as well as from the prana perspective.[2]

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