Abstract

SULFACETAMIDE AND ITS VARIOUS FORMULATIONS IN MARKET: AN OVERVIEW

Greeshma Surendran*, Dikshita Patil, Sandhya Biradar, Nehal Pardeshi, Riya Kubal, Dr. Shrutika D. Patil

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Abstract

Topical formulations are intended for application on the skin and generally cause fewer systemic side effects than oral medications. They include creams, ointments, lotions, gels,etc. The type of skin or the severity of the disease determines the topical formulation used. Sulfacetamide is a sulphonamide antibacterial that has been employed as a topical formulation in various ophthalmic, dermatological, and hair solutions to treat bacterial infections, acne, and scalp conditions. It targets bacterial folic acid synthesis as the mechanism, and its effective activity ranges across various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It, however poses some challenges with regards to its bioavailability due to a problem with poor penetration across the eye in its ophthalmic preparations through eyedrops. Innovations like hydrogels and sustained release inserts seek to prolong the retention period and patient compliance. The type of application does have differing side effects; for instance, there are irritation, liver issues, and even blood dyscrasias. Specific groups, such as pregnant women and pediatric patients, are cautioned to be careful with the use of this drug. Continuous improvements of topical delivery systems continue in the quest to optimize the therapeutic outcome, reduce side effects, and expand clinical applications of sulfacetamide for safe and effective treatment of dermatological and ocular infections.

Keywords: Topical Formulations, Anti-Bacterial, Sulfacetamide, Bio-availability.